Heat olive oil in a Dutch oven or large stock pot over medium heat. Add onion; cook until golden and tender, 3-5 minutes. Add garlic; cook until fragrant, 30-60 seconds. Stir in tomato paste; cook until dark red, 4-5 minutes. Stir in rosemary, salt, pepper and red pepper flakes.
Add vegetable broth; bring to a boil over medium-high heat. Stir in chickpeas and pasta. Cook until the pasta is al dente, 9-10 minutes. Add kale during the last 2 minutes of cooking, if desired. Stir in cheese.
Serve in bowls; garnish with additional cheese, if desired.